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The Unknown Particles of the Universe

STEMe

When the universe was first created, there was an equal amount of matter and antimatter, but currently, there is more matter than antimatter, despite the fact that when they touch they both annihilate. Z and W bosons are other important particles because they govern the weak force, the force that controls many interactions of the universe.

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How Inevitable Is the Concept of Numbers?

Stephen Wolfram

They’re used to keep records, specify value in commerce, define how resources should be allocated, determine how governance should happen, and countless other things. No doubt there’ll at least be some “natural-science-like” characterizations of what’s going on. Last[#][[1]]], GrayLevel[0.5, Last[#][[1]]], GrayLevel[0.5,

educators

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How Did We Get Here? The Tangled History of the Second Law of Thermodynamics

Stephen Wolfram

In 1845 Kelvin (as we’ll call him) had spent some time in Paris (primarily at at a lab that was measuring properties of steam for the French government), and there he’d learned about Carnot’s work from Clapeyron’s paper (at first he couldn’t get a copy of Carnot’s actual book). But first we have to go back a bit in the story.

Energy 88
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The Concept of the Ruliad

Stephen Wolfram

For integers, the obvious notion of equivalence is numerical equality. And just like the speed of light governs the maximum rate at which effects can propagate in physical space, so similarly in our models there’s a “ maximum entanglement speed ” at which effects can propagate in branchial space. For hypergraphs, it’s isomorphism.

Physics 122
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Will AIs Take All Our Jobs and End Human History—or Not? Well, It’s Complicated…

Stephen Wolfram

One of them is that one can expect to make something equally computationally sophisticated out of all sorts of different kinds of things—whether brain tissue or electronics, or some system in nature. Processes in nature—like, for example, the weather—can be thought of as corresponding to computations.

Computer 105
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San Diego Zoo Global offers more than fun for kids with teacher training

STEMx

My work also involves fostering key partnerships with foundations, government agencies and non-profit organizations to build capacity for high-quality, accessible conservation science education. . Equally challenging is the predicament of the American science teacher.

Biology 40