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How Did We Get Here? The Tangled History of the Second Law of Thermodynamics

Stephen Wolfram

But, first and foremost, the story of the Second Law is the story of a great intellectual achievement of the mid-19th century. By 1807 the term “energy” had been introduced, but the question remained of whether it could in any sense globally be thought of as conserved. But in plenty of situations it wasn’t.

Energy 88
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The Physicalization of Metamathematics and Its Implications for the Foundations of Mathematics

Stephen Wolfram

And in what follows we’ll see the great power that arises from using this to combine the achievements and intuitions of physics and mathematics—and how this lets us think about new “general laws of mathematics”, and view the ultimate foundations of mathematics in a different light. 3 | The Metamodeling of Axiomatic Mathematics. &#10005.

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The Concept of the Ruliad

Stephen Wolfram

In other words, we’re concerned more with what computational results are obtained, with what computational resources, rather than on the details of the program constructed to achieve this. And we can trace the argument for this to the Principle of Computational Equivalence. A very important claim about the ruliad is that it’s unique.

Physics 122
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A 50-Year Quest: My Personal Journey with the Second Law of Thermodynamics

Stephen Wolfram

And I spent much of the summer of 1972 writing my own (unseen by anyone else for 30+ years) Concise Directory of Physics that included a rather stiff page about energy, mentioning entropy—along with the heat death of the universe. For a couple of months I didn’t look seriously at the book. mode, often accompanied by rapid physical rewiring.

Physics 95