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How Did We Get Here? The Tangled History of the Second Law of Thermodynamics

Stephen Wolfram

It began partly as an empirical law, and partly as something abstractly constructed on the basis of the idea of molecules, that nobody at the time knew for sure existed. But what’s important for our purposes here is that in the setup Carnot constructed he basically ended up introducing the Second Law.

Energy 88
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Will AIs Take All Our Jobs and End Human History—or Not? Well, It’s Complicated…

Stephen Wolfram

One of the notable features of a system like ChatGPT is that it isn’t constructed in an “understand-every-step” traditional engineering way. One of them is that one can expect to make something equally computationally sophisticated out of all sorts of different kinds of things—whether brain tissue or electronics, or some system in nature.

Computer 105