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Charting a Course for “Complexity”: Metamodeling, Ruliology and More

Stephen Wolfram

And it seemed only natural to label what could now be done as “ complex systems theory ”: a theory of systems that show complexity, even from simple rules. And while they used computers as practical tools, they never made the jump to seeing computation as a core paradigm for thinking about science. It’s been 36 years now.

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How Did We Get Here? The Tangled History of the Second Law of Thermodynamics

Stephen Wolfram

He starts off by saying about Carnot’s book: The idea which serves as a basis of his researches seems to me to be both fertile and beyond question; his demonstrations are founded on the absurdity of the possibility of creating motive power or heat out of nothing.

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