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Charting a Course for “Complexity”: Metamodeling, Ruliology and More

Stephen Wolfram

But it really wasn’t physics, or computer science, or math, or biology, or economics, or any known field. The idea not of solving equations, but instead of setting up computational rules that could be explicitly run to represent and reproduce things in the world. What is that science? But at least it would have a home.

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The Concept of the Ruliad

Stephen Wolfram

Because it implies that whatever “computational parametrization” or “computational description language” one uses for the ruliad, one will almost always get something that can be viewed as “computationally equivalent”. But what about other models of computation—like cellular automata or register machines or lambda calculus?

Physics 122
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What Is ChatGPT Doing … and Why Does It Work?

Stephen Wolfram

It’s not obvious that it would be feasible to find the path of the steepest descent on the “weight landscape” But calculus comes to the rescue. As we mentioned above, one can always think of a neural net as computing a mathematical function—that depends on its inputs, and its weights.

Computer 145
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The Physicalization of Metamathematics and Its Implications for the Foundations of Mathematics

Stephen Wolfram

And if we’re going to make a “general theory of mathematics” a first step is to do something like we’d typically do in natural science, and try to “drill down” to find a uniform underlying model—or at least representation—for all of them. From a computer science perspective, we can think of it as being like a type hierarchy.