Remove Calculus Remove Chemistry Remove Natural Sciences Remove Social Sciences
article thumbnail

Charting a Course for “Complexity”: Metamodeling, Ruliology and More

Stephen Wolfram

For three centuries theoretical models had been based on the fairly narrow set of constructs provided by mathematical equations, and particularly calculus. In some ways, ruliology is like natural science. It’s taking the computational universe as an abstracted analog of nature, and studying how things work in it.

article thumbnail

How Did We Get Here? The Tangled History of the Second Law of Thermodynamics

Stephen Wolfram

And indeed particularly in chemistry and engineering it’s often been in the background, justifying all the computations routinely done using entropy. There’s lots of rhetoric: The applicability of the calculus of probabilities to a particular case can of course never be proved with precision.

Energy 88