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What Is ChatGPT Doing … and Why Does It Work?

Stephen Wolfram

It’s not obvious that it would be feasible to find the path of the steepest descent on the “weight landscape” But calculus comes to the rescue. It turns out that the chain rule of calculus in effect lets us “unravel” the operations done by successive layers in the neural net.

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Charting a Course for “Complexity”: Metamodeling, Ruliology and More

Stephen Wolfram

This is the first of a series of pieces I’m planning in connection with the upcoming 20th anniversary of the publication of A New Kind of Science. “There’s a Whole New Field to Build…” For me the story began nearly 50 years ago —with what I saw as a great and fundamental mystery of science.